Energy

Is Freeport Giving In to Carl Icahn?

Drilling rig
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The more things change, the more they stay the same. In mid-2013, Freeport-McMoRan Inc. (NYSE: FCX) completed a $20 billion acquisition of two oil and gas companies, one of which it had spun off back in 1994. Now, the mining and energy company is trying to figure out whether to keep the energy business or somehow get rid of it.

That wouldn’t be such a bad idea if, after selling or spinning off the energy assets, Freeport were left with something besides a faltering copper mining business. According to a press release issued Tuesday morning, Freeport will cut its board size from 16 to nine and begin “a review of strategic alternatives for its oil and gas business.” The review is being undertaken “following constructive discussions with many of its largest shareholders.”

One of those shareholders is Carl Icahn, who announced in late August that he controlled about 8.5% of Freeport’s stock and has since increased that total to 8.8%. Icahn said at the time that he believed the shares were undervalued and that he intended to have discussions with the board and management of Freeport relating to the company’s capital expenditures, executive compensation packages and capital structure. He also said he wanted the company to rein in its high-cost production operations.

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If you read the latest announcement from Freeport with these statements in mind, it’s not too difficult to see who is leading the company’s strategic review. The company said that a previously announced public offering of a minority interest in Freeport’s oil and gas business is still an alternative, but that other alternatives under consideration include a spin-off to shareholders of the company’s oil and gas business, possible joint ventures and further spending reductions.

Let’s consider those options. First, what would spinning off a minority interest achieve? The company’s outstanding long-term debt at the end of the second quarter was $21.1 billion. An initial public offering (IPO) of, say, 25% of the oil and gas business likely would bring in not much more than around 10% of the long-term debt. There would be no significant change to Freeport’s asset base, but the company could try to hang on until the value of the oil and gas reserves rises and the company could sell at a higher price.

Spinning off the oil and gas assets gets Freeport’s board and management back out of the oil business. Exactly what value a free-standing oil company would have to shareholders is probably considerably less than Freeport thinks. That could all change in the medium term, of course, but it’s hard to see shareholders really liking this option.

Joint ventures would be a good idea if every other oil company under the sun were not cutting back on spending already. Freeport does control some good assets, but that is no distinguishing characteristic either.

As for reducing spending, in early August Freeport cut its 2016 and 2017 capital expenditure (capex) estimate on oil and gas from $2.9 billion to $2.0 billion. In late August, the company cut its 2016 mining capex from $2.7 billion to $2.0 billion, primarily on the impact of copper prices at six-year lows.

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While the oil business was supposed to prop up the faltering copper and gold business, now both are faltering and Freeport is stuck.

Shareholders appear pleased with Tuesday’s announcement. Freeport’s share price was up more than 4%, at $11.64 in a 52-week range of $7.76 to $32.42. The consensus price target is $14.83.

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