Despite significant strides in cancer detection and treatment, cancer remains a scary word. It’s certainly scarier than hearing you have a chronic condition. The truth is that the potentially deadly disease can often be put in the same category as other manageable illnesses and chronic conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes.

“We see more and more cases in which the disease doesn’t lead to the demise of the patient,” said Dr. Francisco Garcia-Moreno, Chief of Oncology and Hematology at ProHEALTH in Lake Success, New York.

An increasing number of people are surviving within five years of being diagnosed with almost all major types of cancer, according to the latest data provided by the American Cancer Society. However, the improvement has been uneven across the different types of cancer. Some forms of the illness have survival rates that have more than quadrupled since the late 1970s, while others have seen little progress.

Garcia-Moreno explained that words such as “remission” or “cured” are not used on purpose, depending on the type of cancer. “For example, for people with colon cancer, if they have no evidence of the cancer after five years, we say they are now cured because it doesn’t usually come back.” Doctors don’t use these words with breast cancer and malignant melanoma because they can recur after 10 or even 25 years.

The higher survival rates are largely due to several factors, including early detection and better treatment. Early detection, especially in the case of prostate cancer, is a “fundamental reason why more people survive it,” Garcia-Moreno said. “You can now detect prostate cancer with a blood test.”

Many cancers are still very difficult to detect early because of their location, or due to symptoms manifesting late, and when they do, they tend to be vague, Garcia-Moreno explained. Pancreatic cancer, for example, is deep within the abdominal cavity. “By the time symptoms occur, it’s so advanced, it can’t be removed surgically.” Ovarian cancer is another type that is difficult to detect by virtue of anatomy. In addition, most symptoms are too vague, Garcia-Moreno noted. Most have to do with abdominal discomfort, which everyone experiences at some point and can mean anything. These are the early signs of ovarian cancer.

Treatment options have been “revolutionized,” he said. While a few decades ago surgery and chemotherapy were the main kinds of medical care cancer patients got, now they have many more options, from immunotherapy and targeted drugs to hormone and radiation therapies.

Nearly 1.8 million new cancer diagnoses and 606,900 cancer deaths will be posted in the United States for 2019, according to the American Cancer Society. Nationwide, women are slightly more likely than men to be diagnosed with cancer. In part, that is because women can develop five different common types of cancer than men cannot, while men can only develop three types of cancer that women cannot.

The type of cancer with the lowest survival rate is pancreatic cancer. Patients expected to survive five years after diagnosis, based on data from the period 2008 to 2014, was 9.0%. Looking back further, patients expected to survive five years after diagnosis from the 1975 to 1977 period was 3.0%. The new cases in 2016 numbered 49,093, which is 13 per 100,000 people in America. The total number of deaths from the disease in 2016 reached 42,757, or 11 per 100,000 people.

Our detailed methodology: To identify the cancers with the highest survival rates, 24/7 Tempo reviewed data on five-year relative survival rates for cancers by cancer site for the years 2008 to 2014. Survival rates data comes from the American Cancer Society’s “Cancer Facts and Figures 2019.” Survival rates for previous years were also from Facts and Figures, while data on mortality and new cases by cancer site are from the U.S. Cancer Statistics Data Visualizations Tool for 2016, which was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Expected survival rates are based on mortality rates for the entire population, taking into account, as appropriate, the age, sex, race and year of diagnosis of the patients. Assuming that the presence of cancer is the only factor that distinguishes the cancer patient cohort from the general population, the relative survival figure estimates the probability that a patient will not die of the diagnosed cancer within the given time interval.

Click here to see the cancers with the lowest and highest survival rates.

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