A sniper’s primary function is to engage high-value targets across significant distances from concealed positions. They must be able to quickly weigh variables like gravity, temperature, humidity, wind, altitude, and Earth’s rotation before firing. (Here is a look at the longest-range sniper rifles used by militaries around the world.)

Achieving precision over distance demands extensive training and a precision rifle. The modern sniper rifle is capable of hitting targets anywhere from 700 meters to over a mile (1,600 meters). Some sniper rifles are so powerful that they can penetrate brick and concrete walls and even the engine blocks of some armored vehicles. (Here is a look at 20 of modern warfare’s most lethal weapons.)

All sniper rifles in the U.S. military undergo exhaustive tests for accuracy, range, and reliability under diverse conditions. Thanks to technological advances, the modern sniper rifle’s efficiency is leagues ahead of the rifles used in World War I (when the term “sniper” became commonly used). (Also check out: the deadliest snipers of World War II)

24/7 Wall St. identified the 16 sniper rifles used by the American military using data from a range of sources, including military handbooks, government press releases, and firearms publications. Some rifle models that have been recently replaced or are being replaced were also considered.

The 16 sniper rifles the US military uses:

M110A1 Compact Semi-Automatic Sniper System (CSASS)

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 800 meters
• Weight: 9.3 pounds
• Length: 42.7 inches
• Chambered for: 7.62x51mm

M107 Long Range Sniper Rifle (LRSR)

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 1,500 meters for personnel, 2,000 meters for material
• Weight: 35 pounds (loaded, with suppressor)
• Length: 57 inches (with suppressor)
• Chambered for: .50 BMG ammunition

Barrett M82

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 1,850 meters
• Weight: 30.9 pounds
• Length: 48 inches
• Chambered for: .50 BMG

M39 Enhanced Marksman Rifle (EMR)

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 800 meters
• Weight: 16.5 pounds (with sight and bipod)
• Length: 44.2 inches
• Chambered for: 7.62x51mm

M91A2 Sniper Rifle

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 1,000 meters
• Weight: 14 pounds
• Length: 43 inches
• Chambered for: .300 Win Mag

M40A6

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 800 meters
• Weight: 16.5 pounds
• Length: 49.8 inches (with suppressor)
• Chambered for: 7.62×51 millimeter NATO

Mk20 Sniper Support Rifle (SSR)

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 910 meters
• Weight: 10.7 pounds
• Length: 42.5 inches (with suppressor)
• Chambered for: 7.62x51mm ammunition

M24

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 800 meters
• Weight: 15 pounds (loaded)
• Length: 43 inches
• Chambered for: 7.62x51mm ammunition

M2010 Enhanced Sniper Rifle (ESR)

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 1,200 meters
• Weight: 18.7 pounds (loaded, with suppressor)
• Length: 52.2 inches (with suppressor)
• Chambered for: .300 Win Mag ammunition

Mk13 Mod7

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 1,300 meters
• Weight: 9 pounds
• Length: 48.4 inches
• Chambered for: .300 Win Mag

Mk11 MOD 0

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 1,370 meters
• Weight: 15.3 pounds
• Length: 45.5 inches
• Chambered for: 7.62x51mm

McMillan TAC-338

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 1,600 meters
• Weight: 11 pounds
• Length: 48 inches
• Chambered for: .338 Lapua Magnum

MK22 Multi-Role Adaptive Design Rifle (MRAD)

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 1,500 meters
• Weight: 19 pounds (loaded, with suppressor)
• Length: 50 inches (with suppressor)
• Chambered for: 7.62 x 51mm, .300 Norma Magnum, .338 Norma Magnum ammunition

Mk15 Special Applications Sniper Rifle (SASR)

• Action type: Bolt-action
• Range: 1,600 meters
• Weight: 26.9 pounds
• Length: 57 inches
• Chambered for: .50 BMG

M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper System (SASS)

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 800 meters
• Weight: 17.3 pounds (loaded, with suppressor)
• Length: 46.5 inches (with suppressor)
• Chambered for: 7.62x51mm ammunition

Mk12 Special Purpose Rifle (SPR)

• Action type: Semi-automatic
• Range: 700 meters
• Weight: 10 pounds (with optics and 30-round magazine)
• Length: 37.5 inches
• Chambered for: 5.56x45mm ammunition

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