It has been said that money cannot buy happiness — but it can certainly alleviate financial pressure. About 64% of American adults report being at least somewhat stressed about money, according to the American Psychological Association’s Stress in America survey.
The second most common cause of stress, also related to money, is work. Six out of every 10 Americans said their job added stress to their lives. These two factors, of course, are not the only sources of stress in a person’s life. People also worry about their family, their health, and the overall state of the country and the world.
Not all Americans experience equal levels of stress. As the income gap between the rich and the poor widens, the levels of stress experienced by the different socioeconomic groups also grows further apart. Many parts of the United States are much more susceptible to work and financial stressors than others.
To identify the most stressed city in every state, 24/7 Wall St. created an index that measures the likelihood that money and work will cause stress among residents of U.S. metropolitan areas.
While everyone experiences some stress, some of which is even good, too much stress can have many negative effects on health. Elevated levels of stress can contribute to obesity, heart disease, and diabetes, according to the Mayo Clinic.
To identify the most stressed city in every state, 24/7 Wall St. created an index of data measuring the two most common sources of stress — money and work — in each state’s metropolitan areas. To capture money-related stress inputs we reviewed poverty rates, housing affordability, and food insecurity. For work-related stress inputs we included average weekly work hours, average daily commute times in hours, and annual unemployment rates. With the exception of food insecurity and unemployment rates, which came from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), respectively, all data used in the index came from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2017 American Community Survey (ACS). The incidence of violent crime in each area came from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s 2017 Uniform Crime Report. All data are for the most recent periods available.
Click here to see the most stressed out city in every state.
1. Alabama: Tuscaloosa
> Poverty level: 16.3%
> Commute time: 24.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.2%
> Violent crime rate: 355.8 per 100,000
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2. Alaska: Fairbanks
> Poverty level: 6.0%
> Commute time: 18.7 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 5.8%
> Violent crime rate: 608.2 per 100,000
3. Arizona: Flagstaff
> Poverty level: 19.0%
> Commute time: 20.0 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 6.4%
> Violent crime rate: 384.2 per 100,000
4. Arkansas: Jonesboro
> Poverty level: 15.2%
> Commute time: 22.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.1%
> Violent crime rate: 453.9 per 100,000
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5. California: Santa Cruz-Watsonville
> Poverty level: 12.7%
> Commute time: 31.8 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 5.3%
> Violent crime rate: 382.2 per 100,000
6. Colorado: Boulder
> Poverty level: 13.4%
> Commute time: 24.8 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.3%
> Violent crime rate: . per 100,000
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7. Connecticut: New Haven-Milford
> Poverty level: 10.7%
> Commute time: 27.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: %
> Violent crime rate: 307.4 per 100,000
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8. Delaware: Dover
> Poverty level: 13.8%
> Commute time: 28.0 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.1%
> Violent crime rate: 427.6 per 100,000
9. Florida: Gainesville
> Poverty level: 21.2%
> Commute time: 24.4 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.0%
> Violent crime rate: 590.3 per 100,000
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10. Georgia: Athens-Clarke County
> Poverty level: 21.0%
> Commute time: 22.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.4%
> Violent crime rate: 307.8 per 100,000
11. Hawaii: Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina
> Poverty level: 9.7%
> Commute time: 20.9 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.3%
> Violent crime rate: 268.9 per 100,000
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12. Idaho: Pocatello
> Poverty level: 13.6%
> Commute time: 20.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.6%
> Violent crime rate: 301.3 per 100,000
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13. Illinois: Champaign-Urbana
> Poverty level: 18.7%
> Commute time: 19.1 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.4%
> Violent crime rate: 423.8 per 100,000
14. Indiana: Bloomington
> Poverty level: 22.7%
> Commute time: 21.9 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.6%
> Violent crime rate: 330.5 per 100,000
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15. Iowa: Ames
> Poverty level: 19.5%
> Commute time: 18.1 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 1.4%
> Violent crime rate: 181.2 per 100,000
16. Kansas: Lawrence
> Poverty level: 17.4%
> Commute time: 23.4 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.7%
> Violent crime rate: . per 100,000
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17. Kentucky: Bowling Green
> Poverty level: 17.2%
> Commute time: 22.4 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.3%
> Violent crime rate: 170.2 per 100,000
18. Louisiana: Monroe
> Poverty level: 24.3%
> Commute time: 22.7 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.9%
> Violent crime rate: 935.3 per 100,000
19. Maine: Portland-South Portland
> Poverty level: 7.8%
> Commute time: 25.9 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.5%
> Violent crime rate: 127.4 per 100,000
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20. Maryland: Salisbury
> Poverty level: 12.6%
> Commute time: 27.2 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 5.2%
> Violent crime rate: 393.3 per 100,000
21. Massachusetts: Springfield
> Poverty level: 15.5%
> Commute time: 24.8 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: %
> Violent crime rate: 503.8 per 100,000
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22. Michigan: Ann Arbor
> Poverty level: 13.0%
> Commute time: 25.1 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.7%
> Violent crime rate: 326.9 per 100,000
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23. Minnesota: Mankato-North Mankato
> Poverty level: 15.0%
> Commute time: 19.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.5%
> Violent crime rate: 164.5 per 100,000
24. Mississippi: Hattiesburg
> Poverty level: 21.6%
> Commute time: 26.3 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.1%
> Violent crime rate: . per 100,000
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25. Missouri: Columbia
> Poverty level: 15.9%
> Commute time: 19.3 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.1%
> Violent crime rate: 410.5 per 100,000
26. Montana: Missoula
> Poverty level: 15.4%
> Commute time: 17.2 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.7%
> Violent crime rate: 402.0 per 100,000
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27. Nebraska: Lincoln
> Poverty level: 11.2%
> Commute time: 20.1 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.3%
> Violent crime rate: . per 100,000
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28. Nevada: Carson City
> Poverty level: 7.5%
> Commute time: 22.1 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.5%
> Violent crime rate: 360.0 per 100,000
29. New Hampshire: Manchester-Nashua
> Poverty level: 8.2%
> Commute time: 32.2 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: %
> Violent crime rate: 265.8 per 100,000
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30. New Jersey: Vineland-Bridgeton
> Poverty level: 19.2%
> Commute time: 25.2 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 5.9%
> Violent crime rate: 520.9 per 100,000
31. New Mexico: Santa Fe
> Poverty level: 11.8%
> Commute time: 22.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.0%
> Violent crime rate: 322.1 per 100,000
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32. New York: Ithaca
> Poverty level: 20.5%
> Commute time: 20.2 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.0%
> Violent crime rate: . per 100,000
33. North Carolina: Asheville
> Poverty level: 11.0%
> Commute time: 22.5 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.1%
> Violent crime rate: . per 100,000
34. North Dakota: Fargo
> Poverty level: 9.7%
> Commute time: 17.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.3%
> Violent crime rate: 280.1 per 100,000
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35. Ohio: Dayton
> Poverty level: 13.8%
> Commute time: 22.6 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.6%
> Violent crime rate: 294.3 per 100,000
36. Oklahoma: Enid
> Poverty level: 12.1%
> Commute time: 15.9 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.7%
> Violent crime rate: 302.0 per 100,000
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37. Oregon: Corvallis
> Poverty level: 17.5%
> Commute time: 20.0 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.0%
> Violent crime rate: 138.7 per 100,000
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38. Pennsylvania: State College
> Poverty level: 18.3%
> Commute time: 21.5 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.1%
> Violent crime rate: 93.4 per 100,000
39. Rhode Island: Providence-Warwick
> Poverty level: 11.4%
> Commute time: 28.2 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.7%
> Violent crime rate: 294.9 per 100,000
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40. South Carolina: Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach
> Poverty level: 15.3%
> Commute time: 24.0 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.8%
> Violent crime rate: 415.6 per 100,000
41. South Dakota: Sioux Falls
> Poverty level: 6.8%
> Commute time: 19.9 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.5%
> Violent crime rate: 355.4 per 100,000
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42. Tennessee: Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol
> Poverty level: 15.3%
> Commute time: 24.2 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 3.3%
> Violent crime rate: 354.8 per 100,000
43. Texas: College Station-Bryan
> Poverty level: 24.6%
> Commute time: 20.3 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.8%
> Violent crime rate: 285.5 per 100,000
44. Utah: Logan
> Poverty level: 15.4%
> Commute time: 20.0 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.5%
> Violent crime rate: 79.7 per 100,000
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45. Vermont: Burlington-South Burlington
> Poverty level: 11.3%
> Commute time: 22.3 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 1.8%
> Violent crime rate: 178.4 per 100,000
46. Virginia: Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford
> Poverty level: 21.2%
> Commute time: 20.8 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.6%
> Violent crime rate: . per 100,000
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47. Washington: Bellingham
> Poverty level: 13.1%
> Commute time: 23.0 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 5.0%
> Violent crime rate: 225.3 per 100,000
48. West Virginia: Wheeling
> Poverty level: 11.5%
> Commute time: 27.7 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 5.1%
> Violent crime rate: 363.0 per 100,000
49. Wisconsin: Oshkosh-Neenah
> Poverty level: 12.1%
> Commute time: 18.5 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 2.3%
> Violent crime rate: 171.4 per 100,000
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50. Wyoming: Casper
> Poverty level: 10.9%
> Commute time: 19.4 minutes
> Dec. 2018 unemployment: 4.3%
> Violent crime rate: 219.5 per 100,000
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