Gun ownership is a constitutional right in the United States — and while only about a third of American adults choose to exercise that right, the U.S. is the only country in the world with more guns than people. Nationwide, there are an estimated 473.2 million civilian owned firearms in circulation, according to the National Shooting Sports Foundation.
While the vast majority of guns in the U.S. are only ever used for legitimate, lawful purposes, some number of them invariably end up in the wrong hands — and the problem only appears to be getting worse. According to firearm tracing data from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, the number of guns that are linked to criminal activity has been steadily rising year-over-year for more than a decade.
When firearms are recovered at a crime scene or taken from a suspect, they are often reported to the ATF for tracing. In these cases, the ATF assists in criminal investigations by using serial numbers and other markings to determine when and where a firearm was originally purchased. While not all guns traced by the ATF were used in a crime — and not all firearms used for illicit purposes are traced — federal tracing data offers valuable insight into trends and geographic patterns related to gun violence in the United States.
Of the nearly 496,600 firearms traced by the ATF in 2022, 17,182 were seized by law enforcement in Tennessee. Gun violence is often concentrated in certain areas, and in Tennessee, only 10 cities accounted for nearly 80% of all gun tracings in 2022.
Memphis led the state with nearly 6,900 firearm tracings in 2022, or about 110 for every 10,000 people. Among the nine other Tennessee cities where the ATF traced the most firearms, population adjusted tracing rates range from about 15 firearms per 10,000 people, to 97 per 10,000.
These are the cities in Tennessee with the most gun crime.
10. Clarksville
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 15.3 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 257 (1.5% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 167,882 (2.4% of Tennessee’s population)
9. Murfreesboro
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 21.6 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 331 (1.9% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 153,487 (2.2% of Tennessee’s population)
8. Nashville
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 25.4 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 1,735 (10.1% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 684,103 (9.9% of Tennessee’s population)
7. Hendersonville
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 25.8 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 159 (0.9% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 61,589 (0.9% of Tennessee’s population)
6. Johnson City
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 31.4 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 222 (1.3% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 70,720 (1.0% of Tennessee’s population)
5. Gallatin
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 41.2 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 185 (1.1% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 44,947 (0.6% of Tennessee’s population)
4. Jackson
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 47.8 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 325 (1.9% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 67,993 (1.0% of Tennessee’s population)
3. Knoxville
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 81.2 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 1,558 (9.1% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 191,857 (2.8% of Tennessee’s population)
2. Chattanooga
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 96.9 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 1,756 (10.2% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 181,288 (2.6% of Tennessee’s population)
1. Memphis
- Firearm-tracing rate in 2022: 109.5 guns per 10,000 people
- Total firearm tracings in the city, 2022: 6,896 (40.1% of all firearms traced in Tennessee)
- Population: 630,027 (9.1% of Tennessee’s population)
| Rank | City | Gun tracings per 10,000 people, 2022 | Total guns traced in 2022 | Share of all guns traced statewide, 2022 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Memphis, TN | 109.5 | 6,896 | 40.1 |
| 2 | Chattanooga, TN | 96.9 | 1,756 | 10.2 |
| 3 | Knoxville, TN | 81.2 | 1,558 | 9.1 |
| 4 | Jackson, TN | 47.8 | 325 | 1.9 |
| 5 | Gallatin, TN | 41.2 | 185 | 1.1 |
| 6 | Johnson City, TN | 31.4 | 222 | 1.3 |
| 7 | Hendersonville, TN | 25.8 | 159 | 0.9 |
| 8 | Nashville, TN | 25.4 | 1,735 | 10.1 |
| 9 | Murfreesboro, TN | 21.6 | 331 | 1.9 |
| 10 | Clarksville, TN | 15.3 | 257 | 1.5 |
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